Ledger has released more than a dozen hardware wallet models since 2014. If your device has been in storage for years, the model name on the packaging may be forgotten and the unit itself may look similar to newer versions.
Physical identification
The original Ledger Nano (2014) is noticeably thicker than the Nano S (2016). The Nano S has a brushed steel cover and a single button on each side of the screen. The Nano X (2019) adds Bluetooth capability and a rechargeable battery — you will feel weight and find a charging port on the bottom. The Nano S Plus (2022) resembles the Nano S but has a larger screen and no Bluetooth.
Check the rear label for a model number. If the label is worn, compare button placement and screen dimensions against manufacturer photos.
Why firmware matters
Each model supports a range of firmware versions. Recovery preparation depends on knowing whether your device runs legacy firmware (pre-2.0) or current firmware, because the seed derivation path and supported applications differ. Connecting an outdated device to current Ledger Live software may trigger a mandatory firmware update that could affect recovery options.
During our assessments we document the model and estimated firmware generation without powering the device, using serial number ranges and physical characteristics where possible.
Before you connect
If you have not used the device in over two years, do not connect it to a computer before understanding your backup situation. A failed PIN attempt counter or an automatic firmware update can complicate recovery. Document your seed phrase materials first, or book a consultation to assess readiness.
Next steps
If you can identify the model but are uncertain about firmware, our Dormant Wallet Assessment includes firmware generation estimation as part of the written report.